Strokes occur in 7 – 11.5% of children with SCD, at an average age of 4 – 9 years, and reoccur in up to 50% cases.
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a cause of strokes in children. Hydroxyurea treatment for primary prevention of stroke in SCD should be further evaluated. Primary stroke prevention by TCD screening and by health education on CTT is required. Conclusions: High SCD stroke risk associated with abnormal/conditional TCDs occurred. Results: 67 males and 62 females were between the ages of 1.6 and 16 years (mean 7.0, SD 3.5) with SCD. Other data obtained were age, sex, packed cell volumes (PCVs), and therapy required. Using a 2.5MHz probe, (2.5MHz - 5MHz multi-frequency Imaging & Doppler transducer) internal carotid, middle (MCA), anterior, posterior cerebral arteries were scanned in 2mm increments with the probe's depth/angle adjusted as needed. Procedure: A prospective study of children with SCD attending a Nigerian tertiary hospital from January 2009 - January 2013. Objectives: To assess the prevalence of stroke risk in SCD by transcranial duplex power Doppler ultrasound and to evaluate the influence of age, sex, haematocrit on the assessment, and offer stroke preventive therapy as required. Background: Transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasound studies identify children with sickle cell disease (SCD) at risk of stroke, allowing preventive interventions.
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